Hip fractures can be classified in different ways. This can be from the simple to the complicated. I will address the simple classifications that will get you through the Trauma meetings then move on to the ones that are useful in the FRCS. This is not an exhaustive list and will not include complicated classifications.
Intracapsular vs Extracapsular
This is based on the relationship of the fracture to the capsule. It is assumed that if fractures are intracapsular then there has been disruption of the blood supply to the femoral head. These can be managed with fixation or replacement depending on fracture factors and patient factors.
Extracapsular fractures maintain the blood supply and are treated with fixation using a Dynamic Hip screw or a Intramedullary device.
The Garden classification
Delbet Classification for Paediatric hip fractures
